Uterine prolapse Normally, supporting ligaments and other connective tissues hold your uterus in place inside your pelvic cavity. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Lobo RA, et al. Anatomic defects of the abdominal wall and pelvic floor: Abdominal hernias, inguinal hernias, and pelvic organ prolapse: Diagnosis and management.
In: Comprehensive Gynecology. Philadelphia, Pa. Accessed April 12, Ferri FF. Pelvic organ prolapse uterine prolapse. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Accessed April 14, Rogers RG, et al. Pelvic organ prolapse in women: Epidemiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and management. Accessed April 18, Handa VL. Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse associated with pregnancy and childbirth.
Pelvic organ prolapse adult. Rochester, Minn. The four categories of uterine prolapse are: Stage I — the uterus is in the upper half of the vagina Stage II — the uterus has descended nearly to the opening of the vagina Stage III — the uterus protrudes out of the vagina Stage IV — the uterus is completely out of the vagina.
Causes of uterine prolapse The pelvic floor and associated supporting connective tissues can be weakened or damaged in many ways including: pregnancy, especially in the case of multiple births such as twins or triplets , or multiple pregnancies vaginal childbirth, especially if the baby was large or delivered quickly, or if there was a prolonged pushing phase obesity straining on the toilet to pass a bowel motion low levels of the sex hormone oestrogen after menopause severe coughing associated with conditions such as chronic bronchitis or asthma fibroids in rare cases, pelvic tumour.
Treatments for uterine prolapse Treatments for uterine prolapse include surgical and non-surgical options, the choice of which will depend on general health, the severity of the condition and plans for a future pregnancy.
Treatment options include: pelvic floor exercises vaginal pessary vaginal surgery. Pelvic floor exercises Stage I and II uterine prolapse in particular can be helped by pelvic floor muscle exercises, but they need to be done correctly and practised long enough to strengthen the muscles.
To identify your pelvic floor muscles, try the following: Insert one or two fingers into the vagina and try to squeeze them. Imagine you are passing urine, and try to stop the flow midstream do not do this while urinating.
Squeeze the muscles inside the anus as if you are trying to stop yourself from breaking wind. Consult with your doctor or pelvic floor physiotherapist to ensure correct performance.
Then perform the exercises, which include: Squeeze slowly and lift and hold as strongly as you can for 5 to 10 seconds while breathing normally. Release slowly. Repeat up to 10 times. Relax for 5 to 10 seconds between each one. Perform quick, short, strong squeezes. Repeat 10 times. Remember to squeeze and lift the muscles whenever you cough, sneeze, laugh or lift anything.
Vaginal pessary A pessary is a flexible device which can be fitted into the vagina to support the uterus. Vaginal surgery In moderate to severe cases, the prolapse may have to be surgically repaired. Prevention techniques Some women are at increased risk of uterine prolapse. Usually, eating lots of fruit, vegetables and fibre, and drinking plenty of water will help.
Avoid straining when using your bowels. Manage chronic constipation in consultation with your doctor other conditions — treat underlying disorders such as asthma and chronic bronchitis in consultation with your doctor.
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Related information. Content disclaimer Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Reviewed on: A number of things can weaken your pelvic floor and increase your chance of developing pelvic organ prolapse. Pelvic organ prolapse will usually be classified on a scale of 1 to 4 to show how severe it is, with 4 being a severe prolapse.
Page last reviewed: 24 March Next review due: 24 March Overview - Pelvic organ prolapse Contents Overview Treatment. It can be the womb uterus , bowel, bladder or top of the vagina. A prolapse is not life threatening, but it can cause pain and discomfort. Symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse Pelvic organ prolapse symptoms include: a feeling of heaviness around your lower tummy and genitals a dragging discomfort inside your vagina feeling like there's something coming down into your vagina — it may feel like sitting on a small ball feeling or seeing a bulge or lump in or coming out of your vagina discomfort or numbness during sex problems peeing — such as feeling like your bladder is not emptying fully, needing to go to the toilet more often, or leaking a small amount of pee when you cough, sneeze or exercise stress incontinence Sometimes pelvic organ prolapse has no symptoms and is found during an internal examination carried out for another reason, such as cervical screening.
When to see a GP See a GP if you have any of the symptoms of a prolapse, or if you notice a lump in or around your vagina. What happens at your appointment Your doctor will ask if they can do an internal pelvic examination. Further tests If you have problems with your bladder, a GP may refer you to hospital for further tests.
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